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Vaccinations

Influenza

Influenza, commonly known as flu, is a contagious respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses. The illness can range from mild to severe and may affect the nose, throat, and lungs. Flu viruses change regularly, which is why vaccination is updated periodically to provide protection against currently circulating strains. Annual vaccination helps reduce infection risk and protects vulnerable populations from complications.

How Influenza Spreads

Influenza spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks. The virus may also spread through contact with contaminated surfaces followed by touching the nose, mouth, or eyes. Flu transmission tends to increase in environments with close contact such as workplaces, schools, public transport, or crowded indoor spaces.

Symptoms

Symptoms often develop suddenly and may include:

  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Cough
  • Sore throat
  • Runny nose
  • Body aches
  • Fatigue
  • Headache

Some individuals may also experience gastrointestinal discomfort.

Possible Complications

Certain individuals may face higher risk of complications, including:

  • Pneumonia
  • Bronchitis
  • Sinus infections
  • Worsening of chronic medical conditions
  • Hospitalisation in severe cases

Complications are more likely in elderly individuals, pregnant persons, or those with chronic illnesses.

Who Should Consider Influenza Vaccination

Annual vaccination may be recommended for:

  • Older adults
  • Individuals with chronic medical conditions
  • Pregnant individuals
  • Healthcare workers
  • Individuals living with vulnerable persons
  • Persons who wish to reduce likelihood of infection


Vaccination may also reduce spread within households or workplaces.