How Measles Spreads
The virus spreads primarily through the faecal-oral route, which may occur when food or water is contaminated due to poor sanitation or hygiene practices.
Transmission may also occur through:
- Close household contact
- Consumption of contaminated food
- Exposure during travel
- Poor hand hygiene practices
Risk levels may be higher in areas with limited access to clean water or sanitation infrastructure.
Symptoms
Symptoms usually develop 7 to 14 days after exposure and may include:
- High fever
- Persistent cough
- Runny nose
- Red or watery eyes
- Skin rash that spreads across the body
- Fatigue
The rash typically begins on the face before spreading to the rest of the body.
Possible Complications
Complications may occur in certain individuals, particularly young children, adults, or those with weakened immune systems.
Possible complications include:
- Ear infections
- Pneumonia
- Inflammation of the brain
- Severe dehydration
- Hospitalisation in serious cases
Who Should Consider Vaccination
Vaccination may be recommended for individuals who:
- Have not previously received measles immunisation
- Have uncertain vaccination history
- Plan to travel internationally
- Work in healthcare or education settings
- Live in shared environments
Vaccination also helps protect vulnerable individuals who cannot receive vaccines due to medical reasons.
Vaccination Schedule
Measles vaccination is typically administered as part of combination vaccines. Your doctor will advise on the appropriate schedule based on vaccination history.
Benefits of Vaccination
Vaccination helps:
- Prevent infection
- Reduce risk of complications
- Limit spread within the community
- Protect vulnerable populations
Safety and Side Effects
Common side effects may include mild fever or temporary soreness at the injection site.